Week 6—History of Latin America
Reaction and Revolution
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U.S.-Latin American Relations, 1823-1933

I. U.S. imperialism, 1820-1860

- 1823, Monroe Doctrine
- Manifest Destiny
- 1846-48, Mexican-American War
- 1855-57, William Walker in Nicaragua

II. Gunboat + Dollar Diplomacy, 1890s-1930s

- Cuba

1868-78, Ten Year's War
José Martí
Feb. 1898, explosion of the Maine
April-Dec 1898, Spanish-Cuban-American War

- 1898-1933, 34 invasions in 9 countries

Roosevelt Corollary

III. Legacies of Gunboat + Dollar Diplomacy

- Cuba

occupied 1898-1934
The Platt Amendment
General Fulgencio Batista, 1934-59

- Dominican Republic

occupied 1916-1922
General Rafael Trujillo, 1930-1961

- Haiti

occupied 1915-1934
Francois “Papa Doc” Duvalier, 1957-71
Jean-Claude “Baby Doc” Duvalier, 1971-1986

- Nicaragua

occupied 1909-1933
Gen. Anastasio Somoza 1933-37
Anastasio Somoza 1937-56
Luis Somoza Debayle 1957-1963
Anastasio Somoza Debayle 1967-1979
Augusto Sandino

The Mexican Revolution

I. Evaluating Progress in Turn-of-the-Century LA

- growth/development of cities:

Buenos Aires
Rio de Janeiro
Montevideo
Santiago de Chile
Havana
Sao Paolo

- rural/urban split
- rich/poor split

II. The Porfiriato in Mexico

- Porfirio Díaz (1876-1911)
- científicos
- rurales

III. The Revolution: Military Phase, 1910-1920

- 1910-11, Porfirio Díaz resigns
- 1913, Francisco Madero assassinated
- Victoriano Huerta
- The Constitutionalists (Venustiano Carranza, Alvaro Obregón)
- Pancho Villa
- Emiliano Zapata in Morelos; Plan de Ayala
- 1914, Woodrow Wilson helps oust Huerta
- 1915, Battle of Celaya
- (1916-17, Pershing expedition)
- 1917, new Constitution
- 1919, Zapata assassinated