Phys 198                                                Jan 13, 1997

OPTICS REVIEW (1)

Image formation by thin lens:

where f is focal length, R is radius of curvature of lens surface (positive if vertex is to left of center of curvature), p is object distance (positive if object is in object space), q is image distance (positive if image is in image space), m is lateral magnification (positive if image is erect, negative if image inverted).

Interference:

Two-slit interference

where I is observed intensity from interference of two coherent beams of intensities I₁ and I₂ and delta is the relative phase difference between them.

Multiple Slits

Multiple (N) slits has intensity variation proportional to

Diffraction:

Obviously dependent on shape of aperture. Common shapes and the factors they introduce into the intensity distribution are given below.

• Long Slit of width b :

• Circular aperture of diameter b :

• Rectangular aperture of dimensions a x b :

• Grid with N lines of slit spacing a and slit width b :